Web Design for Beginner Web design tutorial Html Part-006
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HTML Phrase Tags
The phrase tags have been designed for specific purposes, though they are
displayed in a similar way as other basic tags like <b>, <i>, <pre>, and <tt>,
you have seen in previous chapter. This chapter will take you through all the
important phrase tags, so let's start seeing them one by one.
Emphasized Text
Anything that appears within <em>...</em> element is displayed as
emphasized text.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Emphasized Text Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>The following word uses a <em>emphasized</em> typeface.</p>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
Marked Text
Anything that appears within <mark>...</mark> element, is marked withyellow ink.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Marked Text Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>The following word has been <mark>marked</mark> with yellow</p>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
Strong Text
Anything that appears within <strong>...</strong> element is displayed asimportant text.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Strong Text Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>The following word uses a <strong>strong</strong> typeface.</p>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
Web Design for Beginner Web design tutorial Html Part-004Web Design for Beginner Web design tutorial Html Part-005
Text Abbreviation
You can abbreviate a text by putting it inside opening <abbr> and closing</abbr> tags. If present, the title attribute must contain this full description
and nothing else.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>This will produce following result:
<html>
<head>
<title>Text Abbreviation</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>My best friend's name is <abbr title="Abhishek">Abhy</abbr>.</p>
</body>
</html>
Acronym Element
The <acronym> element allows you to indicate that the text between<acronym> and </acronym> tags is an acronym.
At present, the major browsers do not change the appearance of the content
of the <acronym> element.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Acronym Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>This chapter covers marking up text in <acronym>XHTML</acronym>.</p>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
Text Direction
The <bdo>…</bdo> element stands for Bi-Directional Override and it is usedto override the current text direction.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Text Direction Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>This text will go left to right.</p>
<p><bdo dir="rtl">This text will go right to left.</bdo></p>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
Special Terms
The <dfn>….</dfn>element (or HTML Definition Element) allows you to
specify that you are introducing a special term. Its usage is similar to italic
words in the midst of a paragraph.
Typically, you would use the <dfn> element the first time you introduce a key
term. Most recent browsers render the content of a <dfn> element in an italic
font.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Special Terms Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>The following word is a <dfn>special</dfn> term.</p>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
Quoting Text
When you want to quote a passage from another source, you should put it in
between <blockquote>...</blockquote> tags.
Text inside a <blockquote> element is usually indented from the left and right
edges of the surrounding text, and sometimes uses an italicized font.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Blockquote Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>The following description of XHTML is taken from the W3C Web site:</p>
<blockquote>XHTML 1.0 is the W3C's first Recommendation for XHTML, following on from earlie
r work on HTML 4.01, HTML 4.0, HTML 3.2 and HTML 2.0.</blockquote>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
Short Quotations
The <q>…</q> element is used when you want to add a double quote withina sentence.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Double Quote Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>Amit is in Spain, <q>I think I am wrong</q>.</p>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
Text Citations
If you are quoting a text, you can indicate the source placing it between anopening <cite> tag and closing </cite> tag.
As you would expect in a print publication, the content of the <cite> element
is rendered in italicized text by default.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Citations Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>This HTML tutorial is derived from <cite>W3 Standard for HTML</cite>.</p>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
Computer Code
Any programming code to appear on a Web page should be placed inside<code>...</code> tags. Usually the content of the <code> element is
presented in a monospaced font, just like the code in most programming
books.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Computer Code Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>Regular text. <code>This is code.</code> Regular text.</p>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
Keyboard Text
When you are talking about computers, if you want to tell a reader to entersome text, you can use the <kbd>…</kbd> element to indicate what should
be typed in, as in this example.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Keyboard Text Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>Regular text. <kbd>This is inside kbd element</kbd> Regular text.</p>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
Programming Variables
This element is usually used in conjunction with the <pre> and <code>elements to indicate that the content of that element is a variable.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Variable Text Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p><code>document.write("<var>user-name</var>")</code></p>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
Program Output
The <samp>…</samp> element indicates sample output from a program, andscript etc. Again, it is mainly used when documenting programming or coding
concepts.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Program Output Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>Result produced by the program is <samp>Hello World!</samp></p>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
Address Text
The <address>…</address> element is used to contain any address.Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Address Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<address>388A, Road No 22, Jubilee Hills - Hyderabad</address>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result: